Monday, December 30, 2019

Domestic And International Policy Formulation Essay

At the core of both domestic and international policy formulation is the underlying issue of the financial enrichment of the state structure and the individual. It is undeniable that significant transformation of global economic norms has occurred since the advent of the neoliberal age in the mid 1970s, and the subsequent promotion of government non-intervention, deregulation and trade liberalisation. New Zealand’s is no exception to this trend, and our transition from British colony to independent constitutional monarchy with a unique set of values, ideologies and national identity has paved the way for our nation to branch out into the newly expanded global market. Indeed, the development of New Zealand’s domestic economy and trade policy has undergone a seismic shift which has drastically altered our national patterns of trade since 1929. While export trade to the East is still in its infancy, it is becoming increasingly clear that there is a growing demand in the East for New Zealand agricultural products such as wool, meat, and dairy products. This essay aims to use the analysis provided by McNair in his article â€Å"New Zealand’s Trade with the East† as a comparative tool to describe the transition of the Eastern global region from one of New Zealand’s least influential markets, to one of its greatest. Furthermore, it aims to examine which economic theory best explains this increase in instances of trade over time, namely that of the Product Cycle Theory. As such, theShow MoreRelatedRational Expectations is an Aspect of Domestic Policy727 Words   |  3 PagesAspect of domestic policy Application of differences in viewpoints analytical captured in figure 2.1 for theories as much as the internal politics of those international relations . 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Sunday, December 22, 2019

Whole Foods It s Incredible Rise Over The Past 34 Years

EXECUTION Whole Foods’ incredible rise over the past 34 years serves as evidence of their considerable ability to create a strategy and successfully execute it. Whole Foods differentiated itself by becoming the first Certified Organic grocer in the United States (1) and has stuck to the strategy of selling consumers organic and natural products. The successful execution of this strategy has allowed them to charge a premium for their products giving them higher net margins than nearly all of their competitors. (2) Their ability to earn such premiums has attracted the attention of industry incumbents who are now attempting to lure the increasingly health-conscious consumer with their own expanded offerings of organic and natural foods. For Whole Foods Market to retain their ability to earn such impressive premiums and sustain their growth they will have to execute on their strategy with even greater precision. â€Å"No firm can succeed for long without an intense focus on execution. 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Saturday, December 14, 2019

Language Acquisition Theories Free Essays

It is reported by Waggoner that one in six United States adolescents between the age of 14 and 19 speaks a foreign language at home besides English. Some schools expect these children to speak English fluently and at a rapid pace. They also have this hidden expectation that there will be no interference with their academic progress in the classroom. We will write a custom essay sample on Language Acquisition Theories or any similar topic only for you Order Now The information that is taught to English language learners is prolific in words and phrases. This can at times become baffled due to the literal and figurative language of words. Children who are fluent in English have a solid understanding of those figurative phrases. Lazar, Warr-Leeper, Nicholson, and Johnson (1998) reported that 11.5% of lessons taught in the classroom contain figurative language and teachers use idiomatic looks in one out of ten words used when teaching in the classroom. Idioms are very difficult for English language learners to translate. Often the English language learner also has difficulty understanding figurative language in the social setting. Figurative language is indeed a needed portion for the English language learner instruction. These students must have the appropriate instruction so that they can master the difficult task of speaking, reading, and writing a foreign language to them which is English. Palmer and Brooks (2004), states that if the English language learner is unable to understand and translate figurative language this will cause a disruption to their comprehension, which will cause frustrations and may hinder the student from wanting to become a reader of English. Classroom teachers must scaffold their instruction for the English language learner. The lessons must consist of comprehension strategies that are fostered around figurative language. This may have some challenges for the classroom teacher because the English language learner is diverse with a broad range of cultures and linguistics in the classroom. Alejandro’s Observation As a classroom teacher who possesses students who are English language  learners I could relate to some of the issues concerning Alejandro. According to MacGillivary and Rueda (2001), children like Alejandro will assist their parents who speak a little English and those who don’t speak English at all to translate for them any and everything that pertains to school, the doctor, or just everyday situations that may require English. Alejandro’s teacher created appropriate and purposeful lessons for him. These lessons were tailored around figurative language. This teacher modeled explicitly taught him how to translate words and phrases into English and also how to decide what the meaning is when it pertains to context clues. Alejandro is now able to communicate in both worlds English and Spanish. Strategies for Figurative Language Explicit Instruction: According to Palmer and Brooks (2004), â€Å"figurative language interpretation is based on students’ schemata; therefore, direct, or explicit, instruction is often needed to provide the knowledge necessary to understand not only the figurative language expressions but the context surrounding them as well† (p.375). When the English language learner receives instruction that is clear and direct this will aide those students who may not be familiar with figurative language. This will also help them students who possess a limited knowledge to recognize figurative language. Connections to the Real World When the English language learner uses figurative language in their communities they create this connection that allows them to communicate naturally. Tompkins (2002), states that children who are English language learners have challenges comprehending the figurative phases used in the real world. He suggests that classroom teachers use hands on objects like posters created by the students that will show the figurative meaning of those phrases. Figurative language can help the English language learner to see this world in a new light. It also magnifies their perceptions about the world. Dialogue in Context Educators of English language learners should explain the importance of  figurative language to their students. They should be aware of how this skill will be taught to them so they can create learning goals centered on figurative language. The classroom teacher should gear her lessons on the different types of figurative languages and provide explicit examples of the phrases used in paragraphs and sentences. It is also recommended that classroom teachers connect context clues with the use of figurative language. Using these context clues will allow the English language learner to construct meaning with the text. Modeling and Independent Practice How the English language learner grasps the concepts of figurative language depends upon their back ground knowledge and also what they have been exposed too. When the classroom teacher models explicitly the strategies for figurative language and provides opportunities for the students to practice what was taught this will strengthen their skills. These strategies should be modeled and practiced with students orally and written on a daily basis. The classroom teacher can use learning logs with the students during observations. Visualization With the use of illustrations provides the English language learner with a brighter interpretation of the figurative phrases used in the real world. Students can create literal pictures of the figurative phrases. For example, busy as a bee. Classroom teachers must keep in mind that the English language learner may need to communicate what was learned through pictures. This can be used for literal and figurative phrases. Use of the Native Language The English language learner who has a firm structure in bilingual education will achieve higher than those English language learners who have not had the opportunity for bilingual education. These students are impelled to use their native dialect which will help them to comprehend English. The classroom teacher must remember their students who are English language learners are on several different levels which can create challenges. Because the English language learner is learning two combined languages, they will make gains from the skills they accumulated from their back ground knowledge. Reflection The strategies provided in this article can aid the English language learner when they have difficulty with figurative language in the real world and in texts. The background knowledge of the English language learner has an important role in how they comprehend figurative phrases. Once they have mastered this skill they can transfer what they learned to context clues. Having visuals for these students will support them in language arts. It is important that these students continue to speak in their native dialect. These strategies will give them a sense of accomplishment which will inspire them to become proficient readers and writers. How to cite Language Acquisition Theories, Essays

Friday, December 6, 2019

Oman Oil Marketing Company SAOG †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Oman Oil Marketing Company SAOG. Answer: Introduction The future of Oman is being shaped up by Oman Oil Company by syncing its operations with visions Oman 2020.This paper is a report of this Oman Oil Company where the primary objective is to ascertain its SWOT and find out how the corporation is fighting to overcome the threats and weaknesses it faces. It is also to find how its impact and vision is moving along with the Oman Vision 2020 contributing to the nation on a much larger scale (Bloomberg, 2017). The company is located in Oman. Its vision is to invest into businesses which are profitable in Oman so as to create a better value for the country.Oman Oil Company is a company which is working commercially since when it has been incorporated in 1996. The company is under Government ownership totally. The primary reason of its establishment were to pursue opportunities of investment in outspread energy sector both in and out of Oman (Oman Oil Company, 2017). The OOC has been playing a vital role for the Sultanate as a participant in energy related projects. It has a crucial role in the various attempts made by the Sultanates to expand the economy of Oman thus promoting Omani and foreign investments comprised of the privatised sectors (Anonymous, 2015). Oman has four subsidiaries of invested products: Oman Oil Company Exploration and a company named Production L.L.C Oman Oil Duqm Development Company L.L.C Oman Oil Facilities Development Company L.L.C Takamul Investment Company S.A.O.C. SWOT Analysis of OOC Strength: The company being researched has the reputation of having a strong market position locally. The company is considered to be one of the top four large scale companies in United States. In Texas Permian Basin region, it is the largest along with California and New Mexico. Internationally in America, offshore Qatar, Oman, and in Libya it is the largest exploration acreage holder. The company has a record that it enhances its reserves of oil and gas steadily both nationally and internationally resulting in stable revenue growth. The company has an efficient way of operating. A superior infrastructure leads it in excellent performance. The oil drilling methods are high technology driven methods with cost cutting techniques springing up to increase in profits (Weiner Consulting, 2017). The company exhibits a strong performance by the subsidiaries (BusinessWire, 2013). The company has nearly 12,000 employees and is found in 9 big oil resource rich nations. Oman Oil company has a highly effective distribution channel. Procurement of raw material fetches less cost expenditure due to its location proximity. Weakness: Obviously having large competitors in the market the company lacks in scale to compete owing to its large scale and its varied operations, and ownership of assets. It tends to have a fix concentration on the US market and over dependence. Therefore OOC gradually is going to face a situation where the revenue which is to be accrued from other nations can be a loss (Weiner Consulting, 2017). The investors that are looking forward in getting aboard might have been in trouble due to the declining operational efficiency consequently limited liquidity. Control of government is very high in the country. Oil prices are fixed by the government. The company has to maintain many environmental compliances. Employment retainment is comparatively poor. Procurement of new candidates is less. Cost of labor in the oil industry has been ever rising. This can lead to increased costs. Outdated machineries is a problem area. Proper maintenance requires a lot of investment. The company lacks in making real time market based researches. Opportunities: The OOC has a high opportunity to leverage its operation and position internationally. Expansion of its operation in the country of Middle East (Yemen, UAE, Qatar, Iraq, Bahrain, Oman, Libya) etc would give it high international position. The US Market according to a forecasted data indicated an increased demand in natural gas is a great opportunity and option for future growth. Furthermore, it can enhance the quality of revenue expected to be achieved from the market of US (Bezzack, 2016). Two projects can increase the companys revenue earning potentials. These are the Abu Dhabi based gas project of Al Hosn and the plant located in Tennesse, the Cell Chlor-Alkali. New partnerships with China and Turkey can procure effective results. The company can diversify its products. Demand for oil is high and hence a huge number of potential investors and customers is speculated. Any new requirement or expectation of the customer is a potential opportunity. Better penetration to new countries with improved infrastructure can give it better exposure. Threat: The Company is exposed to face certain risk of loss. One of the major and common risks is involved in drilling and exploration. The exploratory activities involve risks common to drilling. Government in specific time passes laws and regulations that directly affect the business. Political instability is another factor that could cause threat to the business. The operation in foreign countries and its governments actions can affect operations of the corporation in a negative manner. Stringent rules, regulations, and environmental compliance. Some of these legislations are as follows:- The Solid Waste Disposal Act, Comprehensive Environmental Response and the Compensation, and Liability Act also known as the CERCLA. There are some legislations which can increase the operational expenditures of the company. These are Federal Oil Pollution Act of year 1990, 1972 Clean Water Act, legislation of 1970 Clean Air and Toxic Substance Control law of year 1976. There is constant threats from competitors in the market. Employee loss at a regular basis and employment fluctuations is another threat. World external economic fluctuations also is a potential threat. Summary of Oman Oil Company SWOT Analysis Strength Weakness Strong local market positioning, strong operational control and effective infrastructure gives Oman Oil Company a steady growth. High levels of competition in the market fetches lowered investor interest and less accruable income. Opportunities Threat The company has enormous opportunities to expand itself internationally. With diversified portfolio it can get better returns Loss from exploring, drilling and government compliances is a threat. Regulations and legislations along with environment compliances cause threat to the company performance. Action plan of Oman Oil Company The first and foremost step for the company is to make an in-depth situational analysis of its present work scenario. Such an analysis must cover internal as well as external analysis as well. A prominent recommendation to combat the weakness of high competition is to partner with countries like Turkey and China. Oman Oil Companys stance on the international oil and gas sectors is unstable and is also subject to scrutinies of international nature (ICAEW, 2016). The partnership will give the company a good exposure.This will ensure more profitability for the firm. Overdependence on USA is generating a lot of accruable revenue and hence this is a weakness in itself. New partnership with different countries stated above will help ease out such over dependences. Expenditures has been extraordinarily high for the company and hence the company is recommended to develop their own tankers for LNG and gas (ArabNews, 2017). Recruiting tankers from the West involves a lot of regulatory issues and must be avoided. Oman Vision 2020 Oman vision 2020, although the Sultanates oil wealth has been the strongest traditional pillar of the economical growth looks forward to a better future. Approximately, 90% of the government revenues are drawn from it. Nevertheless, many efforts are being made by the government to enlarge its reliability focusing into various plans to diversify, industrialization, privatisation or tours and tourism. The Oman Vision 2020 comprises of furnished strategies that can help increase the Sultanate industrialization (Stratfor, 2017).The government has encouraged the privatised sectors to so that more better plans can be made to make the economy of the Sultanate more stable. The SMEs or the small and medium sized businesses plays a crucial role in achieving the vision of Oman (Bureau, 2015). To the sultanate these SMEs are critical components constituting 90% of Omans corporate sector. The government also considers this as a priority area which needs great push and employment generation opport unities. Government wants the private sectors to become the source to generate employment opportunities. In the last few decades, the Government has aimed development in prominent sectors such as tourism, agriculture, manufacturing, and aquaculture (Abed, 2003). The Government had made significant reform programs in order to diversify the economy.Consequently, the oil wealth of the Sultanate had to encounter falling oil prices. The Oman economy comprising of numerous SMEs was expected to lower down with the growth of GDP on average of 3.3 per cent a year for 2015 to 2017. Nevertheless, the Omans growth will definitely be sustained. According to Standards Poor (SP) rating agency Oman had a solid performance (Strolla, 2017). The rating was stable then was lowered to 'A-/A-2' from 'A/A-1' in its latest update. However, the international rating agency in its fresh update has affirmed that the outlook is stable. Alfred Strolla Phaninder Peri with core objectives introduces various investment projects that are cost efficient. Vision 20/20 aims in improving this. The objectives are of building a non-oil economy, and expanding the multiple programs that were initiated.Vision 2040 is a new long-term economic strategy formulated by the Oman Government. Oman Vision 2040 bases itself on the targets strategies in 20/20 visions. The Oman Government comes up with new agendas to move forward with Taxes and fees being a key component (The Telegraph, 2014).The other components of taxes and fee include commercial registration fees, customs duties, labour license fees etc. Omans long-term diversification strategy is mainly focused in the industrial sector as it is also capable of generating more employment opportunities meeting the countrys social development needs. Undoubtedly, the industrys contribution to the Sultanates GDP at 16.6 per cent, has brought about accelerated growth in Sultanates economy.It has given the Sultanate sustainable development with a goal to generate employment opportunities. Apparently, out of total FDI investment in 2014 almost 46% were towards manufacturing sector. Omans Mineral industry currently is progressing fast towards its development path. Omans huge mineral resources comprises of minerals zinc, chromite, gypsum, silicon and limestone amongst others. The sector is potentially expected to make a significant contribution to the countrys GDP, which as a result a large numbers of investors are drawn towards it.Being a part of national development process several industries have been emerging around the mineral sectors, boosting up the employment opportunities. Moreover, this has initiated a young Omani workforce, as well as contributed much to the nations GDP (Times, 2011). According to Standard Poors credit rating, in the first eight months of 2013 the mineral products, which comprise the largest component of non-oil exports, jumped 51% to $1.73bn, up from $1.15bn in 2012. Expectations and effects of Oman Vision 20/20 on Oman Oil Company The Oman Oil Company (OOC) had many diverse effects from the Oman Vision 20/20. In 1989 the oil prices got lowered at a price of $10 per barrel. The authorities of Oman has launched a new program of diversification which was popularly termed as the Vision 2020 (RSM, 2014).This program involved gas sale to finance infrastructure projects. Furthermore, the long-term ambition of Oman Company makes efforts for attracting producers of international petrochemical to the Sultanate in order to have infrastructures and logistics which were well developed. In order to accomplish this ambition Oman started a transshipment which is highly technical. Since 1994 Oman is associated in exporting gas to the UAE.This situation has been reversed since 2008, as a response to the increasing domestic demand the Oman started importing gas from Qatar via the UAE through the Dolphin project. Since the early 1990s the Oman is basically ambitious on having a industry related to petrochemicals. But the Sultanat e has been extremely cautious on this in the view of the about the associated high expenditures and risks of markets involved and also because of the feedstock limitations (Inflibnet, 2013). Petrochemical industry investments has been increasing since October 1999 when BP Chemicals withdrew as the OOC was intending to own a costly gas separation plant. In year 2006 the Omans Polypropylene were recorded to be 340?000 tonne per year and that was one of the first few such companies. The Sohar Refinery Company (SRC) supplies the Polypropylene.Currently this company is constructing a brand new set of 116/000 barrels every day on sites close by (Worldfolio, 2014). The structure of shareholders of the Oman Oil Companys O is a combination of both companies located internationally and the government agencies (ArabianBusiness, 2010). The Company comprised of 60%, Kuwait based Gulf Investment Corporation controls the 20% and LG International of South Korea is 20%. The marketing of the product is distinguished in between Oman Polypropylene and LGI. Around 35 to 40% of this is produced in China and Europe. Conclusion The Oman Oil Company has been the major source of economy to the Sultanate. In spite of its weakness and threats Oman with its effective ways to deal with its hazard exclaim to always be the pride of the Sultanate. The Vision 2020 will certainly set the OOC on the right track and would accomplish Oman as an independent oil related country. Oman with its new ambitions of building an oil independent economy and doing well in the industrial sectors will once again rise above its odds providing the Government with employment opportunities building up younger workforce both nationally and internationally. References (2010). Omans 2020 vision. Available: https://www.arabianbusiness.com/oman-s-2020-vision-89986.html. Last accessed 3rd May 2017. (2017). OOCEP named fastest-growing oil gas company in Mideast. Available: https://www.arabnews.com/node/1071896/corporate-news. Last accessed 3rd May 2017. (2015). Welcome to Oman Oil Company S.A.O.C. Available: https://www.oman-oil.com/index.php. Last accessed 3rd May 2017. Abed, G. T (2003). Challenges of Growth and Globalization in the Middle East and North Africa. Oman: International Monetary Fund. p550. Bezzack, K. (2016). Oman Oil Marketing Company SAOG (OOMS) - Financial and Strategic SWOT Analysis Review. 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